Hello Students. Are you Searching for Class 12 Business Studies NCERT Solutions of Chapter 6? If yes then you are in the right place. Here we have provided you with the Question and Answers of Chapter 6: Staffing. These solutions are written by expert teachers and are so accurate to rely on. These solutions can eliminate any lingering doubts you may have regarding the concepts.
| Chapter | 6. Staffing |
| Subject | Business Studies |
| Class | Twelve |
| Category | NCERT Solutions for Class 12 |
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies can be a great tool for the students who have taken Business Studies stream for higher studies. These NCERT Class 12 Business Studies solutions are written by expert teachers and faculties to make your practice and revision easier. On this page, we have provided you with the complete solutions of Chapter 6: Staffing.
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 6
Staffing Solutions
Very Short Answer Questions
Q1) What is meant by staffing?
Answer) Staffing is a management function that involves hiring of candidates suitable for the organisation by evaluating their skills, knowledge and offering specific roles as per their skillset. It is involved in fulfilment of human resource requirements for an organisation.
Q2) State the two important sources of recruitment.
Answer) Recruitment is the process of searching and hiring of the right person for the job. It can also be said as the process of finding potential candidates suitable for the job and convincing them to apply for the post. Two important sources of recruitment can be defined as:
- Internal Sources: Internal sources refer to as sources of recruitment within the organisation. It means any vacancy created is filled by an existing employee working in the organisation.
- External Sources: External sources of recruitment include hiring a new candidate either through agencies or conducting a direct hiring session.
Q3) The workers of a factory are unable to work on new machines and always demand for help of supervisor. The Supervisor is overburdened with their frequent calls. Suggest the remedy.
Answer) The workers can be provided training with regard to the use of machines. Training refers to the process of increasing the employees’ capabilities and skills required for performance of their job. It would help the employees develop the skills required for the use of machinery and perform their task in a better manner.
Training would help both the supervisor as well as the employees in the following manner:
- With training the wastages of time as well as money would be reduced, thereby ensuring optimal utilisation of resources.
- The burden of supervisor would be reduced.
- Training would prepare the employees to face new challenges and enable them to respond to various situations effectively.
- It would make the employees more adept efficient in handling machines and thereby, make them less prone to accidents.
Q4)
The quality of Production is not as per standards. On investigation it was observed that most of the workers were not fully aware of the proper operation of the machinery. What could be the way to improve the quality of production to meet the standards? (training).
Answer) The workers can be provided on-the-job training such as apprenticeship training. The employees can be put under a master worker who would guide them in the proper use of the machinery. The employees can work under the master worker for a pre-defined amount of time and then gradually move to do the task themselves under the supervision of the master workers. Once the employees complete the training they would be able to work with greater accuracy and efficiency.
Q5) The workers of a factory remain idle because of lack of knowledge of hi-tech machines. Frequent visit of engineer is made which causes high overhead charges. How can this problem be removed.
Answer) The above mentioned problem can be removed by providing off-the-job training to the workers. In this regard, vestibule training can be provided to the workers since the machines are hi-tech and sophisticated. The vestibule training will help in reducing the frequent visit of engineer and save the high overhead charges as in this type of training, dummy models of real working environment are created in classrooms outside the workplace. The trainees are made to work on the dummy machines and equipment, and only when they acquire adequate expertise in their use they are shifted to the actual workplace.
Short Answer Questions
Q1) What is meant by recruitment? How is it different from selection?
Answer) Recruitment is the process of searching and hiring of the right person for the job. It can also be said as the process of finding potential candidates suitable for the job and convincing them to apply for the post. Whereas selection is the procedure of choosing the required set of candidates from a pool of candidates.
The points of comparison between recruitment and selection are as follows:
| Basis of Difference | Recruitment | Selection |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | It is the process of searching and hiring the right candidate for the job. | It refers to the process of choosing the best candidates from a candidate pool at the time of recruitment |
| Sequence | It is the second stage of staffing | It is the third stage in staffing and it comes after recruitment |
| Employment Contract | The candidates who come for recruitment process are not offered any form of employment contract by the organisation | Candidates who are shortlisted for selection will be offered employment contract by organisation which includes details of appointment. |
| Characteristic | Recruitment process is concerned with getting many candidates for the vacancy that is advertised. | Selection process is about choosing the right candidate and discarding the inappropriate candidates. |
Q2) An organisation provides security services. It requires such candidates who are reliable and don’t leak out the secrets of their clients. What step should be incorporated in selection process?
Answer) For conducting such selection process, the tests that can be conducted are personality test. Such test will help recruiters identify the candidates with the most stable personalities which is suitable for the job type that is offered.
Q3)
A company is manufacturing paper plates and bowls. It produces 1,00,000 plates and bowls each day. Due to local festival, it got an urgent order of extra 50,000 plates and bowls. Explain the method of recruitment that the company should adopt in the given circumstances to meet the order.
Answer) The method of choice in this situation is approaching labour contractors. Production of paper plates and bowls is done by workers or labourers who are having low skills. Labour contractors have access to labourers looking for work opportunities and therefore will be able to provide the required manpower at the time of need.
Q4) Distinguish between training and development.
Answer) Training and development are related yet distinct concepts. Though both the concepts focus on improvement of an individual but the perspectives are different. Training on one hand refers to providing the skills and abilities for a particular job. Development on the other hand, refers to the concept of growth of an individual as a whole.
The following points highlight the difference between training and development:
| Basis of Difference | Training | Development |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Training refers to the process of enhancing the skills and competence of an employee that are required to perform a specific job. | Development refers to the process of overall growth of an employee. |
| Focus | The focus of training is the specific job requirement and is thereby, job-oriented. | The focus of training is the specific job requirement and is thereby, job-oriented. |
| Scope | Training is narrow in scope and focuses on how one can become more efficient in the intended job. | Development is wider in scope and focuses on the overall personality development of the employee. Training is a part of development. |
Q5) Why are internal sources of recruitment considered to be more economical?
Answer) Internal sources of recruitment refer to the sources that are endogenous to the organisation, that is, within the organisation. There are two ways of filling the jobs internally, namely transfers and promotions. It has an advantage of being more economical than the other sources of recruitment. Filling the jobs through internal sources is cheaper in terms of time as well as money. On one hand, the time spent in the whole recruitment and selection process is diminished to a large extent through internal recruitment. On the other hand, it lowers the cost by saving the expenditure on advertisement and other related processes. Along with this, the money spent on training of the new employees is also curtailed. Thus, in contrast to other sources, the internal sources of recruitment are more economical in nature.
Q6) No organisation can be successful unless it fills and keeps the various positions filled with the right kind of people for the right job.’ Elucidate
Answer) In today’s world finding the right candidate for the job is pretty challenging given the developments in technology, nature of job and the skillsets that are required. Staffing is an essential function of management that helps in hiring of manpower for the organisation.
Staffing provides the following benefits:
- Staffing helps in finding and selecting the best suited candidate for the job.
- It ensures that right people are selected for the right job which will help in increasing the overall efficiency and performance of the organisation.
- By selecting the best candidates for the job, an organisation has a better chance of registering growth.
- Staffing helps in manpower planning and helps in proper utilisation of manpower. It also helps in filling up vacant job posts so that working efficiency is maintained.
Long Answer Questions
Q1) ‘Human resource management includes many specialized activities and duties.’ Explain.
Answer) Human Resource Management is a management function that is related to development and management of human element of an organisation. It involves such functions as determining the requirement of personnel, recruiting personnel, training and developing them, working towards the overall welfare of the employees and handling their complaints and grievances.
It includes many specialised activities and duties which the human personnel has to perform. Some of them are:
- Human Resource Planning
- Recruitment (or searching qualified people)
- Analysing Job and collecting related information for preparing Job Description
- Training and Development of Employees
- Performance Appraisal
- Maintaining Labour relations and Union Management relations
- Handling grievances and complaints by employees
- Providing for social security and welfare of employees
- Defending company in lawsuits and avoid legal complications
Q2) Explain the procedure for selection of employees.
Answer) Selection is the process of choosing the best candidates from the pool of candidates that appear for a recruitment program. It is a process that comprises of various types of tests and interviews. Following steps are involved in the selection process:
- The first step in the selection process is screening, in this process candidates who do not fill the required criteria and qualification are eliminated from the initial recruitment process. The process of elimination starts with screening of the information that is provided by candidates in their application form. Initial interviews conducted will also help determine the facts that are not present in the application and will be helpful in rejecting candidates.
- The next step in screening is to put the candidates through a set of tests like Intelligence test, personality test and aptitude test. These tests assess the candidates on different levels and help recruiters determine their candidature.
- The candidates that complete the tests are made to appear for the next round of interview which is personal interview. These are conducted to help the candidate know better by having conversation with the managers. This test also helps recruiter assess the mental stability of the candidate regarding the job.
- The individual once completes all the interview process has to wait for some time when the organisation performs background checks on the employee, it can be asking the previous employer, colleagues and verifying the information as provided by the candidate.
- After conducting all the checks and on being satisfied the candidate is shortlisted for job offer.
- There can be an optional medical examination of the candidate and the final job offer is processed once the candidates clear the test.
- The next step is sending out the offer letter which contains information on joining date and time at which to report to office.
- Employment contract: Once the employee joins the final step is to get over with the documentation and provide employee with the details such as salary, designation, hr policies, leave policies etc.
Q3) What are the advantages of training to the individual and to the organisation?
Answer) Training is an important aspect of any organisation. It aims at building the skills and abilities of the individuals to perform a job. Training is an essential part of the job which attempts at improving the aptitude and knowledge of a person as per the job requirement. With the ever changing business environment, the complexity of the jobs has increased. Thereby, training has become all the more essential. The following are the highlighted benefits of training to the employee and the organisation.
Benefits to the Employee
- Better Career Opportunities: Training enhances the skill and knowledge of the employees and thereby, helps in improving their career prospects.
- Earn More: By helping the individual to learn more it assist them to earn more. Training enhances the individuals understanding and knowledge. Thereby, it improves their efficiency and performance. As a result, it gives them a chance to earn more.
- Less Accident Prone: Training attempts to make the employees more adept and efficient in handling the machines. Jobs that require the employees to work with complex machines and in more accident-prone areas need to emphasise strongly on training and development, as it helps them in taking precautionary actions. Thus, it makes the employee less prone to accidents.
- Self-Confidence: Development and training direct the individuals to work more efficiently that in turn builds up required morale within the individuals. It increases their self-confidence and self-reliance thereby, contributing to higher job-satisfaction.
Benefits to the Organisation
- Less Wastage: Training is a concept that involves systematic learning of work. It is a more efficient way of learning than any hit and trial method. This leads to less wastage of time and money. Thereby, it helps in optimum utilisation of resources.
- Higher Profits: By developing the individuals and making them more efficient, training enhances their productivity in work. Due to increase in both qualitative and quantitative productivity, the profits of the company rise.
- Managerial Efficiency: Training prepares the employees to face new challenges in different situations. This helps them in building effective responses to various situations. Training also equips the future managers to take precautionary step in case of emergency.
- Reduced Absenteeism: Effective training helps in boosting the morale of the employees. Thereby, it helps in reducing the rate of absenteeism and employee turnover.
Q4)
Kalu Consultants have launched www.naukaripao.com exclusively for senior management professionals. The portal lists out senior level jobs and ensures that the job is genuine through rigorous screening process.
a. State the source of recruitment highlighted in the case above.
b. State four benefits of the above identified source of recruitment.
Answer a). www.naukaripao.com is an online website which serves as a platform commonly visited by both job seekers and job providers to get the desired job or the people respectively. This source of recruitment is called Web Publishing.
Answer b). Benefits of Web Publishing are:
- Saves Time and energy: The resumes are screened on the website according to the Job title which saves time and energy of calling out prospective employees and then screening them. The interactions are real-time between the job seeker and the company.
- Wider Reach: Candidates from across the globe can be hired with the help of online recruitment.
- Branding opportunities for companies: Information about the company is uploaded on the website which provides an opportunity to improve the name in the market.
- Cost-effective technique: It not only shortens the hiring process but also filters the right person for the right job, thus saving heavy cost of hiring.
Q5)
A company, Xylo limited, is setting up a new plant in India for manufacturing auto components. India is a highly competitive and cost effective production base in this sector. Many reputed car manufacturers source their auto components from here.
Xylo limited is planning to capture about 40% of the market share in India and also export to the tune of at least ₹ 50 crores in about 2 years of its planned operations. To achieve these targets it requires a highly trained and motivated work force. You have been retained by the company to advise it in this matter.
Questions:
a. Outline the process of staffing the company should follow.
b. Which sources of recruitment the company should rely upon. Give reasons for your recommendation.
c. Outline the process of selection the company should follow with reasons.
Answer a). The process of staffing that the company should follow is as follows:
- Identify and prepare the number and types of personnel required for the setup.
- Find suitable candidates who can fill the vacancies in the company and approach them for applying for the position.
- Select the right candidate after performing a thorough interview process.
- Help the employee get familiar with the working environment as it will make him/her feel comfortable.
- Train the employee as per the requirements of the job description
- Determine the performance of the employee against the set of standards and provide appropriate feedback
- Promote employees who are good performers
- Provide appropriate compensation and benefits to the employees to keep them motivated
Answer b). The company should rely upon external sources of recruitment. As the company is setting up a new plant in a new region, candidates from the local area would be more suitable as they would be familiar with the working conditions, problems faced, etc. in the local region. This would be in favour of the organisation.
Answer c). The company should follow the following selection process:
- Screen the candidates and reject those who are not matching with the job description.
- Test the candidate using various types of tests which can include aptitude test, personality test, intelligence test.
- Arrange a personal interview session for candidates who make the cut from the tests. The manager will be able to judge the candidate further and help in assessing candidate’s true potential.
- Before finalising the candidate perform a background check by taking references from the candidate about previous employers.
- On finding the candidate suitable for the job, provide a confirmation to the employee.
- Help the candidate with employment contract and terms of employment.
Q6)
A major insurance company handled all recruiting, screening and training processes for data entry/customer service representatives. Their competitor was attracting most of the qualified, potential employees in their market. Recruiting was made even more difficult by the strong economy and the ‘jobseeker’s market.’ This resulted in the client having to choose from candidates who had the ‘soft’ skills needed for the job, but lacked the proper ‘hard’ skills and training.
Questions
a. As an HR manager what problems do you see in the company?
b. How do you think it can be resolved and what would be its impact on the company?
Answer a). The following problems are faced by the company:
- As the competitors attracted most of the qualified candidates, there is dearth of good qualified potential employees in the company.
- The employees in the company lack the required hard skills, which in turn results in poor performance.
Answer b). The following steps can be taken to resolve the problems:
- Proper training in the required hard skills must be given to the employees.
- In order to attract better potential candidates the company can outsource its recruitment activities to a specialised and proficient agency.
Q7)
Ms. Jayshree recently completed her Post Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management. A few months from now a large steel manufacturing company appointed her as its human resource manager. As of now, the company employs 800 persons and has an expansion plan in hand which may require another 200 persons for various types of additional requirements. Ms. Jayshree has been given complete charge of the company’s Human Resource Department.
Questions
- Point out, what functions is she supposed to perform?
- What problems do you foresee in her job?
- What steps is she going to take to perform her job efficiently?
- How significant is her role in the organisation?
Answer 1) As a human resource manger the main function that she would be performing is the staffing function. She must ensure that according to the expansion plan of the organisation, positions are filled with qualified and suitable candidates and that the positions remain filled. Subsequently she must ensure that the candidates are trained properly and remain motivated. It is her role to ensure that the individual goals of the employees are in harmony with the organisational goals.
The functions of Ms. Jayshree can be summarised as follows.
- Recruiting the qualified candidates
- Preparing job descriptions
- Preparing a compensation plans and incentive plans
- Training the employees as per the job requirements
- Maintaining harmonious relations with the employees
- Working towards social security and welfare of the employees
- Defending the company in case of any law suits and legal complications
Answer 2) The following can be some of the problems that Ms. Jayshree might face.
- Her job requires her to perform many specialised functions simultaneously.
- Selecting the right candidates suitable for the jobs is a rigorous process.
- Identifying the right source from where the candidates can be recruited is a challenge.
- Arranging for training the personnel in the skills required as per the job.
Answer 3) The following steps must be taken to perform the job efficiently.
- A proper staffing plan must be formulated so as to estimate the present as well as future human resource requirements.
- The qualifications required for various jobs must be pre-decided.
- An assessment test must be developed to screen the potential candidates.
- The job should be advertised well so as to attract potential candidates.
- A proper selection test and interview must be conducted.
Answer 4) Her job is very significant in the organisation. It is very important to ensure that the right and the suitable candidates are selected for the job. Wrong selection of the candidates can badly affect the performance and efficiency in the organisation. Moreover, as human behaviour is complicated it becomes all the more complex to select the right candidate as per the job requirements. The following points justify the importance of human resource management.
- Recruiting the right and competent personnel, thereby, maintaining performance and efficiency
- Ensuring growth and survival in the organisation through proper planning for managers
- Maintaining the morale of the employees through regular assessment and incentive programmes
- Helps in optimum and proper utilisation of resources
That’s it. These were the solutions of NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 6 – Staffing. Our team hopes that you have found these solutions helpful for you. If you have any doubt related to this chapter then feel free to comment your doubts below. Our team will try their best to help you with your doubts.